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第 1 章
背景介紹：
'Girl' is a prose poem written by Jamaica Kincaid that was published in The New Yorker in 1978.'Girl' was Kincaid's first piece of published work. Kincaid is from Antigua, and most of her work contains stories of Antiguan life as a colony of Great Britain and as an independent nation dealing with the aftermath of colonial rule. As a woman of African descent, Kincaid explores gender, race and class issues in her work. 'Girl' is no exception and poignantly exemplifies many of these themes.
《女孩》是1978年Jamaica Kincaid在《紐約客》上發(fā)表的散文詩(shī)。這是她發(fā)表的第一篇作品。Kincaid來(lái)自安提瓜（注：位于加勒比海小安的列斯群島的北部），她多數(shù)作品描寫了她在安提瓜的生活故事；安提瓜曾是英國(guó)殖民地，獨(dú)立后成為英聯(lián)邦成員國(guó)（注：1667年成為殖民地，1981年成為君主立憲制國(guó)家，為英聯(lián)邦成員國(guó)）。作為一名非裔女性，Kincaid在她的作品中探索了性別、種族和階級(jí)議題。《女孩》也毫不例外，它尖銳例舉了這些議題。
文章介紹：
A prose poem reads like prose, but it follows the rules of conventional poetry. The only characters in 'Girl' are a mother and a daughter. 'Girl' is a somewhat of a stream-of-consciousness narrative of a mother giving her young daughter advice on important life issues and concerns. The poem is one long sentence of various commands separated by semi-colons.
散文詩(shī)讀起來(lái)像散文，但它遵循傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)歌的規(guī)則。《女孩》中出現(xiàn)的人物只有一名母親和一名女兒�！杜ⅰ返臄⑹掠悬c(diǎn)意識(shí)流，它講述了母親給女兒的有關(guān)重要生活議題的建議。這首詩(shī)只有一句話，由許多被分號(hào)隔開(kāi)的命令組成。
The advice consists of how to do certain domestic behaviors, including making Antiguan dishes, as well as the more assertive points of being a respectable woman and upholding sexual purity. There is a lot of discussion from the mother about how the daughter must interact with people as well as how to behave in a romantic relationship with a man. There are three central themes to the story: sexual reputation, domesticity, and mother/daughter relationships.
建議包括了在家庭內(nèi)如何做事，包括做安提瓜菜肴，以及母親下的做一名受人尊敬的女性和維護(hù)主張性純潔的斷言。文章有很多討論有關(guān)母親告誡女兒必須與他人互動(dòng)，并且在一段戀愛(ài)中如何與男人相處。文章有三個(gè)中心思想：性聲譽(yù)，家庭生活和母女關(guān)系。
The daughter only speaks twice in the story. First she stands up for herself against one of her mother's questions that turned into an accusation, and again at the end where she asks her mother a clarifying question. It concludes abruptly with a rhetorical question from the mother wondering if her daughter didn't understand how to behave based on everything she was told.
故事中女兒只講了兩次話。第一次她為了維護(hù)她自己而反對(duì)母親的其中一個(gè)問(wèn)題，最后成了指控；第二次是在文章末尾的時(shí)候她問(wèn)了母親一個(gè)問(wèn)題以澄清疑問(wèn)。文章由一個(gè)押韻的問(wèn)題突然結(jié)尾：母親想知道女兒在聽(tīng)完她說(shuō)的話后，是否不懂如何行為舉止。
�。榱朔乐鼓承┤丝床欢蚴怯X(jué)得枯燥乏味，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)講，此文就是當(dāng)媽的如何指導(dǎo)女兒做家務(wù)、穿衣服、禮貌待人、做個(gè)淑女、別做蕩/婦，中心思想是母親言傳身教如何做個(gè)任勞任怨為丈夫和孩子兢兢業(yè)業(yè)奉獻(xiàn)一生的家庭主婦；更進(jìn)一步，此文說(shuō)明的是社會(huì)文化和眼光對(duì)女性生活的桎梏。）
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Wash the white clothes on Monday and put them on the stone heap; wash the color clothes on Tuesday and put them on the clothesline to dry; don't walk barehead in the hot sun; cook pumpkin fritters in very hot sweet oil; soak your little cloths right after you take them off; when buying cotton to make yourself a nice blouse, be sure that it doesn't have gum on it, because that way it won't hold up well after a wash; soak salt fish overnight before you cook it;
在星期一把白色的衣服洗了，把它們放在石堆上；在星期二把有顏色的衣服洗了，把它們掛在晾衣繩上晾干；在烈日下走路時(shí)別不戴帽子；做南瓜餅時(shí)要用滾燙的甜油；把你的小衣服脫了之后馬上泡起來(lái)；為了做襯衫去買棉布時(shí)，要保證布上沒(méi)有膠，不然洗過(guò)之后就縮水了；在燒咸魚之前，要腌一夜；
is it true that you sing benna in Sunday school; always eat your food in such a way that it won't turn someone else's stomach; on Sundays try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming; don't sing benna in Sunday school; you mustn't speak to wharf–rat boys, not even to give directions; don't eat fruits on the street—flies will follow you; but I don't sing benna on Sundays at all and never in Sunday school;
你在主日學(xué)（注：孩子們?cè)谥苣┥系膶W(xué)校，教授內(nèi)容多于宗教有關(guān)）上唱benna（注：一種音樂(lè)形式）是真的嗎？要記得吃飯，別讓你的食物進(jìn)了別人的胃；在星期天時(shí)走路要像個(gè)淑女，不要像個(gè)你這樣下去就會(huì)變成的蕩/婦；別在主日學(xué)唱benna；禁止和那些像老鼠一樣的碼頭男孩們說(shuō)話，甚至不要給他們指路；在街上不要吃水果——蒼蠅會(huì)跟著你的；不過(guò)我在星期天根本不唱benna，我從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)主日學(xué)；
this is how to sew on a button; this is how to make a button–hole for the button you have just sewed on; this is how to hem a dress when you see the hem coming down and so to prevent yourself from looking like the slut I know you are so bent on becoming; this is how you iron your father's khaki shirt so that it doesn't have a crease; this is how you iron your father's khaki pants so that they don't have a crease; this is how you grow okra—far from the house, because okra tree harbors red ants; when you are growing dasheen, make sure it gets plenty of water or else it makes your throat itch when you are eating it;
這就是縫扣子的方法；這就是弄一個(gè)扣眼的方法，和你剛才縫上的扣子配套；當(dāng)你看到衣服起毛邊的時(shí)候，這就是把衣服縫好的方法，如此你就不會(huì)看起來(lái)像是我知道你這樣下去會(huì)變成的蕩/婦；這就是燙你父親的卡其色襯衫的方法，這樣它就不會(huì)起皺；這就是燙你父親的卡其色褲子的方法，這樣它就不會(huì)起皺；這就是你種植秋葵的方法——離家遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)，因?yàn)榛鹣仌?huì)藏在秋葵樹(shù)里面；這就是你種植芋頭的方法，要確保多澆水，否則你吃它的時(shí)候會(huì)喉嚨癢；
this is how you sweep a corner; this is how you sweep a whole house; this is how you sweep a yard; this is how you smile to someone you don't like too much; this is how you smile to someone you don't like at all; this is how you smile to someone you like completely; this is how you set a table for tea; this is how you set a table for dinner; this is how you set a table for dinner with an important guest; this is how you set a table for lunch; this is how you set a table for breakfast;
這就是你掃角落的方法；這就是你如何打掃整棟房子的方法；這就是你打掃院子的方法；這就是你對(duì)不太喜歡的人微笑的方法；這就是你對(duì)完全不喜歡的人微笑的方法；這就是你對(duì)非常喜歡的人微笑的方法；這就是喝茶時(shí)你布置餐桌的方法；這就是晚餐時(shí)你布置餐桌的方法；這就是有重要客人來(lái)時(shí)你布置餐桌的方法；這就是午餐時(shí)你布置餐桌的方法；這就是早餐時(shí)你布置餐桌的方法；
this is how to behave in the presence of men who don't know you very well, and this way they won't recognize immediately the slut I have warned you against becoming; be sure to wash every day, even if it is with your own spit; don't squat down to play marbles—you are not a boy,you know; don't pick people's flowers—you might catch something; don't throw stones at blackbirds, because it might not be a blackbird at all;
當(dāng)一個(gè)不太認(rèn)識(shí)你的男人出現(xiàn)時(shí)，這就是如何言行舉止，這樣他們就不會(huì)立即發(fā)現(xiàn)你是個(gè)我警告你不許做的蕩/婦；確保每天都清洗，即使你身上的嘔吐物是你自己的；別蹲下來(lái)玩彈珠——你知道的，你又不是男孩；別摘?jiǎng)e人的花，你可能會(huì)碰到蟲子；別對(duì)黑鳥（注：一類雜食鳥的統(tǒng)稱）扔石頭，因?yàn)樗赡芨静皇呛邙B；
this is how to make a bread pudding; this is how to make doukona; this is how to make pepper pot; this is how to make a good medicine for a cold; this is how to make a good medicine to throw away a child before it even becomes a child; this is how to catch a fish; this is how to throw back a fish you don't like, and that way something bad won't fall on you;
這就是做面包布丁（注：一種甜點(diǎn)，切片面包和水果干、香料、糖、雞蛋和牛奶一起烤）的方法；這就是做doukona（注：找不到具體翻譯，反正是一種淀粉類甜食）的方法；這就是做胡椒燉菜的方法；這就是做感冒藥的方法；這就是甚至在孩子生下來(lái)之前用藥把孩子流掉的方法，這就是捉魚的方法；這就是把一條你不喜歡的魚扔回去的方法，這樣你就不會(huì)走霉運(yùn)；
this is how to bully a man; this is how a man bullies you; this is how to love a man; and if this doesn't work there are other ways, and if they don't work don't feel too bad about giving up; this is how to spit up in the air if you feel like it, and this is how to move quick so that it doesn't fall on you; this is how to make ends meet; always squeeze bread to make sure it's fresh; but what if the baker won't let me feel the bread; you mean to say that after all you are really going to be the kind of woman who the baker won't let near the bread
這就是如何欺凌一個(gè)男人；這就是一個(gè)男人如何欺凌你；這就是如何愛(ài)一個(gè)男人；如果這樣這辦法行不通，還有其他辦法；如果所有辦法都行不通，放棄時(shí)不要感覺(jué)太糟糕；如果你感覺(jué)嗓子里有痰，這是你朝空中吐痰的方法，同時(shí)這是快速移開(kāi)以免落痰在你身上的方法；這是保持收支平衡的方法；總要按壓面包來(lái)確保它們新鮮；但是如果烘焙師不讓我按壓面包怎么辦呢？你是說(shuō)你最后會(huì)變成那種烘焙師不讓你靠近面包的女人？
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